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Harry Potter: "Neville?"
Neville Longbottom: "I knew you would come!"
Harry Potter: "The Room of Requirement?"
Neville Longbottom: "This is the only way in or out now. The grounds are crawling with Death Eaters and Dementors."
— Harry Potter is surprised that the passage leads to the Room of Requirement, and Neville Longbottom explains that[src]

Hogwarts Castle contains many secret passageways. Most are internal to the castle, such as a stairway hidden behind a tapestry. Several lead from the castle or school grounds past the boundaries, presumably to the nearby wizard village of Hogsmeade.

Passages out of school

The Marauder's Map

During the 1993-1994 school year, Fred and George Weasley revealed and gave the map to Harry Potter so he could use a secret passage to get to Hogsmeade, since he didn't have a signed permission form, and Dementors were patrolling the boundaries. They said they acquired it from Argus Filch's Office during their first year at Hogwarts (the 1989-1990 school year). They demonstrated the map, showing seven secret passages leading to Hogsmeade, and which one was most likely known only by them.

These 7 are:

  • A passage beneath a one-eyed witch statue by the stairs to the Defence Against the Dark Arts classroom, leading to the cellar of Honeydukes. Tapping the hump with a wand and speaking aloud the word Dissendium to the witch makes the hump on the statue open just wide enough for a small person to slide down to the hidden passageway. No password seems to be needed to return to the school. Harry Potter used this twice to get to and from Hogsmeade in the 1993-1994 school year. There was no report of break-in at Honeydukes, and it is unknown whether Sirius Black used it when he broke into (or fled) Hogwarts Castle.
  • A passage behind a mirror on the fourth floor, which was caved in as of 1993. It leads to Hogsmeade, but exactly where is unknown. Sirius mentioned that it was large enough for an organisation to hold a meeting inside.
  • A passage beneath the Whomping Willow, leading to the Shrieking Shack. It was likely created for Remus Lupin to use during his school years so that he could isolate himself during his monthly transformations into a werewolf. Sirius Black may have used this passage to slip past the Dementors and get inside the school grounds during the 1993–1994 school year.
Whompingwillow

A path from beneath the Whomping Willow leads to the Shrieking Shack.

  • A passage behind the statue of Gregory the Smarmy. Fred and George Weasley claimed to have found this secret passage during their first week at Hogwarts (likely before they acquired the Marauders Map).
  • Three unspecified secret passages, apparently known to Argus Filch.

The Vanishing Cabinets

Peeves01

Peeves is the one who smashed one of the two vanishing cabinets, after being convinced to do so by Nearly Headless Nick

The Room of Requirement

Due to the nature of the Room of Requirement, it is possible that several passages to different locations outside of Hogwarts could be accessed from it.


Who knows?

  • Dumbledore, Madam Pomfrey, (perhaps some staff members), the Marauders and Severus Snape knew of the secret passage under the Whomping Willow. Hermione's cat, Crookshanks learned about it from Sirius Black and knew how to immobilize the Whomping Willow to get past it.
  • Sometime during their school years, Remus Lupin, Peter Pettigrew, Sirius Black and the late James Potter discovered 7 secret passages out of school and wrote them on the Marauders Map. It is unknown who, if anyone they informed. The map next fell into the possession of Argus Filch, who was unlikely to have ever been able to use it.
  • In the 1993-1994 school year, Fred and George Weasley said Argus Filch knew of four of the seven secret passages out of school shown on the map; the fourth likely being the one behind the statue of Gregory the Smarmy.
  • As of 1994, the authors of the Marauders Map , and its possessors (Fred Weasley, George Weasley, Harry Potter, but not Argus Filch) and their confidants knew of all seven secret passages.
  • Apparently as of the 1993-1994 school year, many of the staff did not know about the secret passage behind the one-eyed witch. After Sirius Black gained admittance to Gryffindor tower in 1994, security inside the castle was increased. Professor Lupin knew of it and Professor Snape may have suspected a secret passage there, yet no added security measures (e.g. Security Trolls) seemed to have been placed there.
  • Upon rejoining the Order of the Phoenix in 1995, it is likely Remus Lupin and Sirius Black informed Albus Dumbledore about all 7 of these secret passages, and he in turn may have informed Severus Snape and other members of the Order of the Phoenix.
  • In 1997, Aberforth told Harry and his companions that all the old secret passages were blocked (meaning the 7 on the Marauders Map).
  • In 1995-1996 school year Fred and George Weasley threw Montague, a member of the Inquisitorial Squad, into the broken Vanishing Cabinet, and he disappeared and was trapped. He was finally able to disapparate and re-appeared in a Hogwarts toilet. He recounted his experience of sometimes hearing people in Hogwarts and other times people in Borgin and Burkes. From this, Draco Malfoy realized that the two cabinets created a passage and that if he could fix the broken one then he would have a secret passage into Hogwarts. He did this and brought Death Eaters into Hogwarts, confessing to Professor Dumbledore (and an invisible Harry potter) before fleeing with them through the front gates. Harry Potter then informed Professor McGonagall, and those also present in the hospital wing, of this secret passage. What became of the Vanishing Cabinet in Borgin and Burkes is unknown. The other vanishing cabinet remained at Hogwarts in the Room of Hidden Things until it was likely destroyed in 1998 by Fiendfyre.

Blocking the passages out of school

The 1996-1997 school year saw even stricter security measures on the castle, including the use of Secrecy Sensors to stop smuggling in of Dark objects and sealing the gates and boundaries to unauthorized entry. Since the Marauders, Remus Lupin and Sirius Black had re-joined the Order of the Phoenix the prior year, Professor Dumbledore may have blocked the known secret passages on the Marauders Map.

Passages inside the castle

The Marauders Map also showed rooms and secret passages inside Hogwarts that the Marauders discovered, but not those they did not discover (e.g. the entrance to the Chamber of Secrets and the Room of Requirement, but the latter may have been due to itsUnplottability).

When members of Dumbledore's Army were using the Room of Requirement as a hideout, they needed a secret exit, to avoid people guarding the normal entrance. Neville Longbottom said that each day the exit would lead to a different place in the castle.

Appearances

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